AANP Adult Gerontology Primary Care Nurse Practiotioner Practice

Loop diuretics, such as furosemide and bumetanide, are known for their potent diuretic effect, promoting the excretion of sodium and water. One significant adverse effect associated with these medications is ototoxicity, which can manifest as hearing loss, tinnitus, or balance disorders. This effect is particularly concerning in patients who are also taking other ototoxic medications or who have pre-existing hearing impairments.

Ototoxicity occurs due to the concentration of loop diuretics in the inner ear, affecting the cochlea and vestibular function. This risk is dose-dependent and can vary among individuals. Monitoring patients on loop diuretics for signs of auditory or balance issues is essential, especially at higher dosages or with prolonged use.

In contrast, hyperkalemia is more commonly associated with potassium-sparing diuretics, while dry mouth and increased appetite are not typical side effects associated with loop diuretics. Understanding these specific adverse effects is vital in managing and counseling patients who may require these medications for conditions like heart failure or edema.