Diabetes Mellitus is widely recognized as a significant risk factor for the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The relationship between diabetes and CKD is well-established; chronic hyperglycemia, a hallmark of poorly controlled diabetes, ultimately leads to glomerular damage and nephropathy. Over time, the elevated blood sugar levels cause structural and functional changes in the kidneys, contributing to a progressive decline in kidney function.
Individuals with diabetes are prone to microvascular complications, and diabetic nephropathy is one of the most serious manifestations. Regular monitoring of kidney function in diabetic patients is imperative for early detection and management of potential kidney impairment. Managing blood glucose levels effectively through lifestyle changes and medication reduces the risk of kidney damage.
While the other factors—heavy alcohol use, obesity, and smoking—are indeed associated with various health issues, they do not have the same direct and established causal relationship with the progression of CKD as diabetes does. Hence, diabetes stands out as a primary risk factor when considering the development of chronic kidney disease.