Which chronic condition is often associated with vision loss in older adults?

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss among older adults due to its impact on the central part of the retina, known as the macula. This condition typically affects individuals over the age of 50 and is characterized by the gradual deterioration of the macula, which is responsible for clear vision needed for activities like reading and recognizing faces.

AMD can present itself in two forms: dry and wet. The dry form is more common and involves the thinning of the macula, while the wet form, characterized by abnormal blood vessel growth beneath the retina, can lead to more rapid vision loss. The nature of AMD makes it particularly challenging, as it often goes unnoticed in the early stages, resulting in significant vision impairment by the time it is diagnosed.

While cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma are also significant causes of vision loss in older adults, AMD is unique in that it primarily affects the central vision, making it particularly detrimental to the daily activities that depend on this type of sight. This distinction highlights the importance of regular vision exams, as early detection and management can help slow the progression and impact of AMD on an individual’s quality of life.